powertrain
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Cars

Ford F-150 Lightning Powertrain Analysis: A Shift from BEV to E-REV Architecture Under Load
### 1. Driving Condition: High-Load, Long-Duration Duty Cycle The subject vehicle, the Ford F-150 Lightning, is a full-size pickup truck…
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Cars

Lexus ES 2026: Engineering Analysis of Hybrid and Battery Electric Drivetrains
The Lexus ES 2026, representing the eighth iteration of this executive sedan, features a sophisticated multi-energy powertrain strategy encompassing both…
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Cars

2026 Ford Mondeo Technical Analysis: 2.0L EcoBoost Engine and 4K Display
The 2026 Ford Mondeo, developed by Changan Ford for the Chinese market, is defined by its high-output 2.0-liter EcoBoost engine.…
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